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VOL. 8, ISSUE 4 (2026)
Integrating psychological interventions into an experimental blended learning swimming course: A case study at Van Lang University
Authors
Nguyen Trong Nghia
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form
Y-1) and develop an experimental breaststroke intervention curriculum for
university students with aquaphobia. Based on evaluations by 20 experts (cutoff
score > 80 points) and a pilot test involving 60 students at Van Lang University,
a 20-item scale (10 positive and 10 reverse-scored items) demonstrated high
internal consistency (α = 0.882; all ri-t ≥ 0.480). Additionally, a 16-week
intervention curriculum (150 minutes per session) was constructed, integrating
breaststroke technical instruction with psychological interventions
(diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation [PMR],
systematic desensitization, and E-learning mental imagery in Week 9), featuring
a 15-minute warm mid-break to mitigate hypothermic muscle stiffness. The
findings provide both a standardized assessment tool and a practical
intervention framework that effectively helps students overcome fear of water
and enhances swimming instructional quality in higher education.
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Pages:32-35
How to cite this article:
Nguyen Trong Nghia "Integrating psychological interventions into an experimental blended learning swimming course: A case study at Van Lang University". International Journal of Physical Education, Exercise and Sports, Vol 8, Issue 4, 2026, Pages 32-35
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